金属3D打印关键部件助力

5月15日7时18分，由中国航天科技集团五院抓总研制的天问一号火星探测器成功着陆火星，迈出了我国星际探测征程的重要一步，实现了从地月系到行星系的跨越。

May 15th, the Tianwen-1 Mars rover developed by the fifth institute of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation successfully landed on Mars, taking an important step in China’s interstellar exploration journey and realizing the transition from the Earth-Moon system to the planets system.

©中国国家航天局/China National Space Administration

火星距离地球遥远、昼夜环境温差大，对深空探测器的结构极致轻量化和多功能一体化提出了更高要求，传统结构技术难以满足其性能指标要求，金属3D打印实现了火星探测任务关键技术支撑。

设计、材料、设备、工艺多方面攻关

/Design of the second, third, fourth hierarchical level lattice cells with (a) three-, (b) four-, (C) six-fold rotational symmetries

项目突破了基于金属3D打印的极致轻量化三维点阵结构技术，解决了深空探测器复杂结构部件的轻量化设计、功能集成与整体制造难题。完成了祝融号火星车相变储能装置结构及承载结构合计30余套关键部件的设计与正样应用。大幅减少结构件数量，实现了产品减重40%~60%，研制周期缩短50%。

相变储能装置结构（图片为研制阶段示意图）

/Phase change energy storage device structure

Note: The picture is the schematic diagram of the development stage

©中国空间技术研究院总体设计部

连接角盒结构（图片为研制阶段示意图）

/Connecting corner box structure

©中国空间技术研究院总体设计部

上述金属3D打印部件在天问一号探测器及祝融号火星车的成功应用，体现了金属3D打印先进结构技术对于我国首次自主火星探测任务的关键技术支撑，具有标志性意义。

The successful application of the metal 3D printed parts in the Tianwen-1 probe and Zhurong Mars rover demonstrates metal 3D printing played the key role to pave the technical way out for the successful Mars exploration mission.

该研究成果得到了国家重点研发计划、装发共用技术项目、国防基础科研项目、国家自然科学基金和中国科协青年人才托举工程等项目的支持。

[1] Zhou, H., et al. 2021. Design of self-supporting lattices for additive manufacturing. J. Mech. Phys. Solid. 148, 104298.

[2] Li, C., et al. 2020. Architecture design of periodic truss-lattice cells for additive manufacturing. Addit. Manuf. 34, 101172.

[4] Zhang, X., et al. 2018. Vibration Tests of 3D Printed Satellite Structure Made of Lattice Sandwich Panels. AIAA J. 56(10):4213-4217.

[5] Liu, C. et al. 2020. Optimal design of shell-graded-infill structures by a hybrid MMC-MMV approach. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg. 369, 113187.